Steam turbine



Aug. 5

v E. BLUICKER swmwunmn Filed May 12 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented ug.5,1924. y

untreu sTArEs n tsaaslz PATENT oFFxcE.

ERIC BL'UCKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM TURBINE.

ToaZZ 'whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, ERIC BLUCKER, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Chicago, 'in the county of Cook, in the State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SteamTurbines, of which the following is a specifi: cation, referencebeingihad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to pro-l vide an improved constructionof a steam turbine motor adapted for more economical development ofpower than has been ob-,V

tained in motors of this type heretofore.V4 It consists in the elementsand features of construction shown and describedl as indicated in theclaims.

In the drawings Y Figure 1 is 'a side'elevation of Aa motor embodyingthis invention. y

Figure 2 is an edge elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a horizontal axial section at the line, ,ih-f3, on Figure l.

Figure 4 is a detail section at the line, H, on Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an inner face view of one member of the rotor casing.Y

Figure 6 is a section at the line, 6 6, on Figure 5. y I

Figure 7 is an inner face view of the complementary member of the casingFigure 8 is a section lat the line, 8--8,A on Figure 7.

Figure 9 is an enlarged detail elevation showing a limited segment ofthe pocketed casingwall with which the rotor4 co-oper ates,said casingwall being formed in two laminas of whichthe inner one is partly brokenaway to disclose the structure of the other at the parting plane.

Figure l0 is a detail section at the arc, l0-10 on Figure 9.

Figure ll is a detail section at the line, 11-11, on Figure 9.

Figure 12is a section of a small segment of the rotor in an yarc througha selected series of its pockets as at the arc, l2-12, on Figure 13. vFigure 13 is a face view of a segment of therrotor. Y `The turbine showninthe drawings comprises a rotor, 1, mounted on a power- Vtransmittingshaft, A, journaled in a two-part casing comprising members, 2 land 3,of which, the member, 2, comprises a transagrial web, 2mrand acylindrical flange( 2 `application med May is, 1923.Y serial No.638,473.

f therefrom, rendering it cupeshaped and the member, 3, is a `flat diskforming a cover or closure for the member, 2, the rotor be ing fittedfo-r rotation between the two members, 2 and 3, in contiguity at itsopposite faces with the inner faces of said case members' respectively.`The rotor is formed upon its opposite faces with a plu4 rality ofconcentric series of pockets, l, said vpockets being concavelycurvilinear, both in circumferentialsection and in radial section, asmay be "understood from Figures l2'andf3,r'espectively; and for reducingthe thickness vof the rotor disk to the least dimension, the series oflpockets upon one face are desirably opposite the bridges or intervalsbetween the corresponding series of pockets upon the opposite face, asseen in Figure 3, andthe pockets in each series on one faceare oppositethe intrvals between the pockets'ofthe corresponding series upon theopposite'face, as seen in Figure 12. The casing members are each formedupon the inner face. with concentric series of pockets, 4:,corresponding to and facing respectively the series of rotor fpockets,la, on the contiguous faces respecl tively,Vv of the rotordisk. Thepockets, 5L., are concavely curved in circumferental section, as seen inFigure 10, being angularly trapezoidai in radial section, as seen inFigures 3 andV ll. Each of the case members has situated at a transaXialplane lat erally outward from the plane of the pockets,a4, an annularchannel, A5, which -is provided with steam supply connectionshereinafter more particularly described. From this channehducts 6 extendbetween the consecutive pockets, 4, of the innermost series of casingpockets, emerging at the inner face ofthe casing wall on which the rotoris seated directly opposite the innermost series of rotor pockets, la,for discharge of the steam into said pockets respectively, said ductsbeing inclined with respect to the plane of rotation kofthe rotorcircumferentially.` onward inthe Idirectionof rotation, as seen inFigure l0, for delivering the steam jets against the walls of the rotorpockets as indicated by the arrows, a, on Figure 12, so that the jet isreflected and delivered from the rotorpocket in the direction indicatedby the arrows, o, on Figurey 12, into the adjacent facing pockets, t, ofthe casing wall from which it emerged through the duct, 6. From thepockets 4,

' of rotation of the rot0r, as seeniniligure;

ducts, 37,1 extendinithe` casing wall outwardl;

'ly with respect to the rotor and inclined circumferentially onward inthe direction 1l, into an annular channel, 8, whichis formed inthecasing in a manner herein-- after more particularly described, and fromthe,I face of; the casing wall for ,discharge into the: neXt outerseries of`rotor` pockets,

1E, the; direction of said ducts, 9, being in# clnedwith respect to'theplane of rota-v tion and with 'respect to radial planes through' theirentrance ends respectively,

circumferentially' onward: in the direction ofrotation, .for deliveringthe steamV Jet derived 4from the preceding casing pocket into thesucceeding rotor pocket with forwardY drive againsttlie walls o1c therotor pocket,

I asin thecase of the entering-jetsthrough the ducts, 6'witl'1 respectto the innermost series of rotor pockets, as above described. Itwilli'beunderstood that the steam enteringforits Erst attack upon the rotor atVthe innermost series ofrotor pockets is eX- panded' and diminished invelocity ,at its deliveryj through theducts, 9, into each successiveradially outer series of rotor poele.

Yets, fthe entireY device being dimensioned with" a view to causing theexpansion'v and' diminution of velocity andpressure tol correspond]approximately to the increase .in

circumferential speed of the rotor at the successive seriesof pocketsdue tothe successively greater and greater radius of 'said successiveseries; so that the impact of the.

steam jets at the outermost series of pook;`

etsshal'l be as effective for iinpelling the rotor in itsxrotation asthe initial"jets di rected' against the innermost series of rotorpockets., Thegducts', 7,leadingifroin the casing'pockets of theoutermostV series leadto an'annular space, l0, in-the'cas-A Ving,beyond" the rotor, `from which space an exhaust duct, 1l, leads off?tangentially, and is providedwith an eXh'aust'pipe connection as seenatl l2; i

Certain-details of construction chieiiy for convenience of manufacture,lwilll now bel described. Y Each casing member has its lateral wall withwhose inner face the rotor is contiguous for its rotation, formed in twolam;

Yiiiee having their parting planeV outward` from theL casing wallpockets, 4, The pockets, 41, are formed'on the inner face oftheinner'lamina," ai, and through .this lamina vthe ducts,V 7, are formedregistering, at their outer'ends with grooves, l5, treated in theforegoing description as part of said ducts,

' v7, said grooves v.extending obliquely with respectl to radial"]9lanes in the inwardly-facing surface of the outer lamina, y, andleading intol the channels, 8, already described,

' which!` are formed in the saidiA innerface of said outer lamina, y.V*The ducts, V9", are formed 1n theinner VlamingenY m, their'outer endsregistering withthe Vradially Youter ends Y of the grooves, l5, whichVthus connectthe ducts,f7v and 9, regardless of the annular channels, 8.VThe purpose and advantage of these annular channels is vto distributetheV i' steam, Vwhich may be. delivered unequallyy from the severalpoclietseso as to; equalize;- the accessv of steam to 'all'I therotorpockets ofeach series;V andthisrisyparticularly nec essary ina viewV of;the ALfact `that for economy of construction the pockets oallL theseries A are of Vthe saine angular extent'stromI which it results tha/tthenurnber oi-poclretsin the several series :increases-'ronr` the centerout#V ward, the dimensions being; chosen so'thati theV diiferentialbetween the circumferences oi'- consecutive series-of pockets isfequaltoor derived from all the pockets of lone series toY all the pockets ofthe `nezrtseries `the4 addi-Y tional pocketsin thel outer seriesunightreceive no steam, Y Y

For :makingV steam connections tothean- Y nular channels, 5j,thecasingmembers, 2 and 3, are shown provided witlr radialY bosses, 2a

and 3u, which are continuous4 withr transV axial peripheral bosses, 2b,and 3b, andin these bosses steam ductsarezboredleading to the annularbosses, 5a, inv which the channels, 5, are formed, the bores, 2'd and3d, inthe bosses, 2a anc Sbeing closed@ at the outer endsy by screwed-inplugs, 2e and'eandthe.

bore, 2f in the'transaxial boss, 2", is closedVV byl a plug, 2SA; and'4at #the entrance'ofifthe bore, V3f, in-*the'vtransaxial boss-Sd, thereis applied a fitting-10, for Vreceiving a screwed-` in steam pipeconnection. y Y j It will'be understood that the .two'vcasing members,2:'and"3,f. are machinelitted steam#V tight toeach other and aresuitablyl clampedY together by bolts engaging .theirfla"nges`,vas; seenin Figures lV and 1721;' and thatitheir'inl ner faces are machineitted'tothe rotorfaces with such accuracy Vthat-thewater Aof icon#densation affords adequate packing.;Y Bntit will. also beunderstood'.that-:other liquidi packing and lubrication' may be4prtwidedir Y I claim: i v

l. In a steam turbine in combinationfwith a rotor dislrhaving aipluralityl ofconcem tric series or" laterally opening pocketsfcogfizcavely Vfairvilinear in circuni-axialA section of*V the disk; a casingin vwhich therot'orfis fitted to revolve with .its said pocketed4 facecontiguous to'av fixed :wall ofithe'casingjfsaid wall having a.corresponding Yp'lt'irality ot concentric series of'poclets openingtoward theV rotor disk pocket series respectively; an- I ing, and ductsfrom said channels extending between the pockets of the adjacent seriesopening at the inner face of the casing for discharge into the rotorpockets of the next outward series; the innermost Vof said annularchannels having steam pipe connections, and ducts from each ycasingpocket leading into the casing channels lateral to the next outer seriesof casing podkets, ,ttor supplying to said channels steam for dischargeas described into the opposed series of rotor pockets.

2. In the construction dened in claim l foregoing, the rotor pocketsbeing concavely curvilinear in radial section of the disk as well as incircumferential section thereof.

3. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the rotor diskhaving pockets as described on both sides, and the casing hav ingduplicate construction at both sides of the rotor disk. Y Y

4. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts fordischarge into the rotor pockets being at their discharge portioninclined with respect to radial planes onward in the circumferentialdirection of rotation of the rotor.

5. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts fordischarge into the rotor pockets being at their discharge portioninclined with respect to the plane of rotation of the rotor and withrespect to radial planes through their discharge ends respectively, fordirecting the steam delivered through them onward in the circumferentialdirect-ion of rotation of the rotor.

(i. In the construction defined in claim 1 foregoing, the ducts leadingfrom the casing pocket to the annular channels being inclined forwardlyin the direction of rotation from radial planes through their inlet endsrespectively.

7. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts from thecasing pockets to the annular channels opening in said channels insubstantial registration with the openings from said channels of theducts which discharge from the rotor pockets as described, both of saidducts being inclined with respect to radial planesvthrough theirentrance ends forwardly in circumferential direction of rotation.

8. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the casing wallbeing made in two laminae parting at a plane outward from the bottom orback of the casing wall pockets and cutting the ducts which connect thepockets of consecutive series.

9. In a steam turbine in combination with a rotor disk having aplurality of concentric and a series of lateral opening pocketsconcavely curvilinear in circumaxial section of the disk; a casing inwhich the Vrotor disk is fitted to revolve with its pocketed facercontiguous to a relatively fixed wall of the casing, said wall having acorresponding series of pockets opening Y' for discharge thereinto fromthe corresponding rotor pockets respectively; a series of ducts throughthe casing wall extending between the pockets of the imiermost seriesthereof, for discharge into the innermost series of rotor pockets; ductsfrom the cas ing pockets of each series being in curvilinear pathsbetween the consecutive pockets of the next outer series and,-except theoutermost series of ducts,discharging into the rotor pockets facing saidnext outer series; steam inlet connections to the first-l mentionedseries of ducts, and steam exhaust connections from the outermost seriesof ducts.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, at Chicago, Illinois,this 5th day of May, 1923.

ERIC BLUCKER.

